Personal Passive Chart

 

Science through History

Collaborative Reading Aloud of the Article Science through History

 

Science through History

Throughout history, the journey of science has been marked by groundbreaking discoveries and inventions that have reshaped our understanding of the world. One such breakthrough was the discovery of the atom, a fundamental building block of matter, through rigorous experiments conducted in laboratories. These experiments paved the way for the exploration of elements and substances, revealing the intricate structure of the universe.

 

In the 18th century, the discovery of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide expanded our knowledge of gases and their properties. Scientists delved deeper into the composition of substances, distinguishing between solids, liquids, and gases. Concurrently, the study of living organisms led to the revelation of the cell, the basic unit of life, unlocking mysteries of biological processes.

 

The 19th century witnessed a surge in energy-related research, with inventors developing new technologies fueled by the understanding of energy dynamics. Test tubes became indispensable tools in scientific investigations, facilitating experiments across various disciplines. Oxygen, a vital element for life, was isolated and studied, contributing to advancements in medicine and chemistry.

 

As science progressed into the modern era, laboratories became hubs of innovation, fostering collaboration and exploration across diverse fields. From the depths of the atom to the complexities of living organisms, the history of science stands as a testament to humanity's relentless pursuit of knowledge and understanding.

Collaborative Online Exercise Part 1 about Scientific Vocabulary on Page 66 on Wordwall

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/70656532

Collaborative Online Exercise Part 2 about Scientific Vocabulary on Page 66 on Wordwall

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/70657059

Starting a sport later in life

Part 7 – Multiple Matching

Questions 43–52

You are going to read an article in which four people talk about starting a sport later in life.

For questions 43–52, choose from the people (A–D). The people may be chosen more than once.

Which person...

43. mentions feeling physically unprepared at the beginning?

44. says another person influenced their decision to start?

45. describes becoming more confident over time?

46. mentions difficulty managing time?

47. refers to enjoying training with other people?

48. says their expectations were different from reality?

49. mentions an initial fear of embarrassment

50. says they had experience of the sport in the past?

51. refers to progress being slower than expected?

52. mentions continuing mainly for personal enjoyment?

Starting a sport later in life

A – Daniel

I decided to take up running after a colleague suggested it. At first, I could barely run for five minutes without stopping, which made me realise how unfit I actually was. I had expected it to be much easier. However, I gradually improved, and now I can run much longer distances. These days, I mainly continue because I genuinely enjoy it.

B – Sofia

Joining a tennis club was something I had considered for years, but I always felt too embarrassed to try. Everyone else seemed so experienced. Eventually, I decided to go anyway, and I was surprised by how supportive people were. Over time, I became more confident, and now I really enjoy practising with others.

C – Marcus

I used to play basketball when I was younger, so returning to it as an adult felt like a natural choice. However, I hadn’t realised how much the game had changed or how long it would take me to improve again. Progress has definitely been slower than I expected, but I still find it motivating.

D – Elena

For me, the biggest difficulty has been finding time to train regularly. Between work and family responsibilities, it’s not always easy to keep a routine. Still, I try to practise a few times a week, even if it’s only for a short time. I didn’t expect it to be so hard to organise my schedule around it.

Starting a new sport as an adult

 Part 6 – Gapped Text

Questions 37–42

You are going to read an article about taking up a sport later in life.

Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A–G the one which fits each gap. There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.

Starting a new sport as an adult

Many people believe that sport is something best started in childhood, when the body is more adaptable and learning happens quickly. However, this does not mean that adults cannot successfully take up a new sport. (37) ______

In fact, adults often bring advantages that younger learners do not have. They tend to be more motivated and disciplined, especially when they choose a sport themselves rather than being encouraged by others. (38) ______ This can help them improve steadily over time.

Nevertheless, there are also challenges. One of the most common is the fear of looking inexperienced in front of others. (39) ______ As a result, some people avoid joining clubs or attending training sessions.

Physical fitness can also be an issue at the beginning. Adults may feel discouraged if they become tired quickly or struggle with certain movements. (40) ______ With regular practice, the body gradually adapts and performance improves.

Another important factor is time. Many adults have work and family responsibilities, which can make it difficult to train regularly. (41) ______ Even short but frequent sessions can lead to noticeable progress.

Despite these difficulties, taking up a sport later in life can be extremely rewarding. It not only improves physical health but also increases confidence and reduces stress. (42) ______ For many people, this social aspect becomes one of the main reasons they continue.

Sentences A–G

A This is often because they compare themselves with more experienced players.

B In reality, it is possible to develop new physical skills at any age.

C This allows them to focus on specific areas they want to improve.

D However, this is usually only temporary and should not discourage them.

E As a result, they often depend on others to guide their training.

F In addition, it provides opportunities to meet people with similar interests.

G For this reason, it is important to plan training carefully and realistically.

From office worker to wildlife guide

Part 5 – Reading (Multiple Choice)

Questions 31–36

You are going to read an article about a woman who changed careers.

For questions 31–36, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.

From office worker to wildlife guide

When Hannah Lewis left university, she did what many graduates do: she looked for a stable job with a clear career path. She found one in a large insurance company, where she spent the next eight years working in administration. The salary was reasonable, her colleagues were friendly, and she was good at the job. Yet over time she began to feel that something was missing.

“I used to look out of the office window and think about being somewhere completely different,” she says. “I didn’t dislike the work itself, but I couldn’t imagine doing it for the rest of my life.”

The turning point came during a holiday in South Africa. Hannah joined a guided trip through a wildlife reserve and became fascinated by the guide’s ability to identify animals, explain their behaviour and answer endless questions from visitors. Unlike many tourists, Hannah returned home still thinking about what she had seen and heard. Within a few months, she had booked a place on a year-long training course in environmental education.

The decision surprised almost everyone she knew. Her parents worried about the cost, and friends asked why she would leave a secure position for a profession that seemed uncertain and physically demanding. Hannah understood their concerns. She had never been particularly adventurous, and she knew very little about working outdoors. However, she felt strongly that if she did not try, she would always regret it.

The training course was harder than she had expected. There was far more science involved than she had imagined, and she had to learn practical skills such as map-reading, first aid and group management. At first, she found speaking in front of visitors especially difficult. “I was fine when I was studying alone,” she admits, “but the moment I had to explain something confidently to a group, I felt nervous.”

Gradually, though, her confidence grew. After finishing the course, Hannah found seasonal work in two national parks and later accepted a permanent role at a coastal nature reserve. She now leads walks for families, school groups and overseas visitors. The pay is lower than in her previous career, but she says she has never once considered going back.

“What matters most,” Hannah explains, “is that I feel my work has meaning. Every day is different, and I’m still learning. I may not have the same financial security as before, but I feel much more like myself.”

Questions:

31. What dissatisfied Hannah about her first job?

A She found the tasks too difficult.

B She saw no purpose in continuing long-term.

C She disliked the people she worked with.

D She thought the pay was unfair.

32. What effect did the trip to South Africa have on Hannah?

A It encouraged her to apply for a job abroad.

B It reminded her of an old childhood ambition.

C It led her to consider a completely new profession.

D It made her want to study animal science at university.

33. How did other people react to Hannah’s decision?

A They admired her courage immediately.

B They were mainly confused by her choice.

C They tried to prevent her from leaving.

D They doubted whether it was a sensible move.

34. During the training course, Hannah was most surprised by...

A how physically tiring the work was.

B how much academic content there was.

C how competitive the other students were.

D how little support the teachers offered.

35. What does Hannah say about talking to groups?

A It became easier with experience.

B It was the part she enjoyed most.

C It was harder in class than outdoors.

D It never stopped worrying her.

36. Which statement best describes Hannah’s attitude now?

A She misses the stability of her old career.

B She believes she should have changed jobs earlier.

C She feels satisfied despite the disadvantages.

D She hopes to earn more in the future.

Careers and skills

Part 3 - Word Formation

For questions 17–24, read the text below.

Use the word given in CAPITALS at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line.

There is an example at the beginning (0). 

Careers and skills

Choosing a career is an important decision that requires careful thought and (0) development. Many young people seek advice from a career (17) ______, who can help them understand their strengths and interests.

ADVISE

In some cases, students prefer practical jobs and aim to become skilled (18) ______ in areas such as engineering or design.

TECHNIQUE

Others are interested in academic careers and may work as a (19) ______ in a particular field, studying topics in depth.

SCIENCE

Certain professions require strong communication skills, especially for those working as a (20) ______ or presenter.

ACT

Good organisation is also essential in many roles, particularly in business (21) ______ and project planning.

MANAGE

In addition, employers often look for (22) ______ and reliability when choosing new staff.

RESPONSIBLE

Some jobs involve helping others directly, such as working as an (23) ______ in a large organisation.

ASSIST

Finally, it is important to remember that career (24) ______ can take time, and people often change direction several times before finding the right path.

DEVELOP

Learning in teams

Part 3

Questions 17–24

Use the word given in capitals to form a noun by adding a suffix.

Learning in teams

Working with other people can be an important part of learning and professional (0) development. In many schools and workplaces, group tasks are used to build knowledge and practical skills.

One clear advantage of teamwork is the (17) ______ of ideas. When several people discuss the same problem, they often produce better solutions than one person working alone.

DISCUSS

Group work can also improve (18) ______ between team members, because participants need to explain their opinions clearly and listen carefully to others.

COMMUNICATE

However, teamwork is not always easy. If one member lacks motivation, the whole group may experience a drop in (19) ______.

EFFECTIVE

There can also be (20) ______ when people have very different working styles or personalities.

DIFFERENT

For this reason, good planning is essential. Clear roles, sensible deadlines and mutual respect all increase the (21) ______ of success.

LIKELY

Teachers and managers often say that students and employees should take (22) ______ for their own part in the task, rather than depending on others.

RESPONSIBLE

In the modern world, teamwork is becoming even more important, especially in jobs where (23) ______ is needed to solve problems in original ways.

CREATE

Although some people still prefer to work independently, the ability to cooperate remains a skill of great (24) ______ in education and employment.

IMPORTANT