My friends at work.

 

My friends at work.

Silvia is bossy because she likes giving orders.

Emily is optimistic because she always thinks that everything is possible to be achieved.

Mindy is so sensitive because she always considers someone else's perspective.

Alfred is reasonable because his ideas are always based on good judgement.

Gabriel sometimes acts like a child, so he's childish.

Samantha is thoughtful because she is always kind and thinking about how to help other people.

Lauren surprises me with her decisive character as she makes quick decisions in an assertive way.

Anthony is disorganised because his office is a mess like his work agenda.

Andrew is impatient because he can't wait for anything.

Kimberly is practical because she does everything in a simplified way.

Character Adjectives suggested in the textbook

https://wordwall.net/es/resource/76616065

 Speaking exercise 6 on page 12 in pairs.

Living with Constant Connection

 PART 5 – Multiple Choice Reading (6 items)

Read the article and choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D) for questions 31–36.

Living with Constant Connection

Not long ago, people checked their emails once or twice a day. Today, many of us receive notifications every few minutes. Smartphones allow us to stay connected wherever we are, but they also make it difficult to switch off.

Researchers have found that people often interrupt tasks to check messages, even when those messages are not important. As a result, concentration can suffer. Some experts compare this behaviour to constantly changing television channels without ever watching a complete programme.

However, digital communication also offers clear benefits. Families living in different countries can stay in touch easily, and businesses can collaborate across continents. During emergencies, information can be shared almost instantly.

The challenge is finding a balance. Technology itself is not the problem; rather, it is how people choose to use it. Those who set limits on screen time often report feeling more productive and less stressed.

31. The writer says that smartphones make it difficult to
    A communicate internationally.
    B avoid being connected all the time.
    C receive information quickly.
    D collaborate with colleagues.
32. Researchers found that people
    A ignore important messages.
    B spend most of their time watching TV.
    C frequently interrupt their work.
    D dislike receiving notifications.
33. The comparison with television channels suggests that people
    A enjoy watching television.
    B are easily distracted.
    C prefer entertainment to work.
    D watch too many programmes.
34. What benefit of digital communication is mentioned?
    A Lower business costs
    B Better educational opportunities
    C Faster travel
    D Easier international contact
35. According to the writer, technology itself
    A causes stress.
    B should be restricted.
    C is not the main issue.
    D is becoming less useful.
36. The writer’s purpose is to
    A criticise technology.
    B explain how to become productive.
    C discuss advantages and disadvantages.
    D persuade readers to delete social media. 

The Future of Car Ownership

 PART 5 – MULTIPLE-CHOICE READING

Questions 31–36

Read the text and choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which best answers the questions.

The Future of Car Ownership

For decades, car ownership was considered a symbol of independence and prosperity. In many countries, obtaining a driving licence and purchasing a first vehicle represented a significant milestone in a person's life. Today, however, this long-established relationship with the car appears to be changing.

One reason is economic. Fuel prices, insurance premiums and maintenance costs have increased considerably. For many young adults, especially those living in cities, owning a car no longer seems financially attractive. Public transport systems have improved in many urban areas, while ride-sharing services have provided an alternative means of transport.

Technology has also played a role. The growth of remote working has reduced the need for daily commuting. In the past, travelling to an office five days a week was the norm. Today, many employees work from home for at least part of the week, reducing the necessity of owning a vehicle.

Environmental concerns are another important factor. Growing awareness of climate change has encouraged some people to reduce their dependence on private cars. Cycling and public transport are increasingly viewed as responsible alternatives rather than inconvenient compromises.

Despite these trends, experts warn against assuming that car ownership will continue to decline indefinitely. Economic recovery, population growth and expanding suburban developments could all increase demand for private vehicles in the future. Furthermore, car ownership is still rising rapidly in many developing countries where economic growth is creating new opportunities for consumers.

What is clear is that attitudes towards cars are becoming more complex. While ownership may no longer represent the same aspirations it once did, the car remains an important part of modern life.

Questions

31. What is the main purpose of the text?

A To explain why governments should ban private cars

B To compare different public transport systems

C To describe changing attitudes towards car ownership

D To encourage people to cycle more often

 

32. Why do many young adults choose not to own a car?

A They dislike driving.

B Public transport is free.

C Driving licences are harder to obtain.

D The costs associated with car ownership are high.

33. According to the text, what has reduced the need for daily commuting?

A The growth of remote working

B Rising fuel prices

C Improved cycling infrastructure

D Environmental campaigns

34. What does the writer suggest about public transport?

A It is replacing cars completely.

B It is often viewed as a practical alternative.

C It is only useful in large cities.

D It is becoming less popular.

35. Why do experts advise caution when predicting future trends?

A Governments may ban private vehicles.

B Environmental concerns may disappear.

C Car ownership could increase again in some circumstances.

D Public transport systems may collapse.

36. Which statement best reflects the writer's conclusion?

A Cars will soon disappear from cities.

B Car ownership is no longer relevant.

C Environmental issues have solved traffic problems.

D People's relationship with cars is becoming more complicated.

Protecting Wildlife

 PART 2 – OPEN CLOZE

Questions 9–16

For questions 9–16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only ONE word for each gap.

Protecting Wildlife

Climate change is affecting ecosystems across the world. Many species are struggling to adapt to changing conditions, and some may disappear altogether.

Not (9) ______ scientists begun to understand the full consequences of global warming did governments start taking action.

One of the greatest threats is habitat destruction. Forests are cleared for agriculture and urban development, leaving animals with nowhere to live. Some species are now on the brink (10) ______ extinction.

Conservationists argue that protecting habitats is every bit as important (11) ______ protecting individual animals. They also point out that public education can have a significant effect (12) ______ people's behaviour.

Many environmental organisations depend upon donations  (13) ______  members of the public. Without such support, they would struggle to carry (14) ______ their conservation programmes.

Fortunately, awareness of environmental issues has increased. More consumers are cutting (15) ______ on waste and choosing products with less packaging. If this trend continues, there is hope (16) ______ future generations will inherit a healthier planet.

Green Transport: A Changing Landscape

 PART 1 – MULTIPLE-CHOICE CLOZE

Questions 1–8

For questions 1–8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.

Green Transport: A Changing Landscape

Traffic congestion has become one of the most serious problems facing modern cities. During rush hour, long traffic (1) ______ develop on roads leading into urban centres, increasing fuel consumption and frustration among commuters.

Environmental groups have repeatedly warned about the effects of vehicle emissions. (2) ______, many local authorities have invested heavily in cleaner forms of transport, including electric buses and cycling networks.

Some critics claim that individual efforts are only a (3) ______ in the ocean when compared with the scale of global environmental challenges. Others disagree and argue that collective action can bring about significant change.

Young adults are also altering their travel habits. Instead of purchasing cars, many choose to rely (4) ______ public transport or shared mobility services.

Researchers have noticed another interesting trend. (5) ______ had remote working become widespread than traffic volumes began to decline in several major cities.

(6) ______, some experts remain cautious. They point out that economic growth could encourage people to return to private vehicles. Nevertheless, governments are determined to press (7) ______ with sustainable transport policies while environmental organisations continue to campaign (8) ______ stricter emissions standards.

Questions

1.  

A chains

B files

C queues

D columns

2.  

A Consequently

B Unexpectedly

C Admittedly

D Mysteriously

3.  

A piece

B drop

C grain

D tip

4.  

A from

B by

C on

D with

5.  

A Rarely

B Hardly

C Never

D Little

6.  

A Fortunately

B Happily

C Predictably

D Admittedly

7.  

A on

B over

C about

D ahead

8.  

A over

B for

C about

D with

The Price of Fame

 

Part 2 – Open Cloze (Items 9–16)

For questions 9–16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap.

The Price of Fame

Many people dream (9) ______ becoming famous. They imagine travelling the world, meeting interesting people and earning large amounts of money. However, life in the public eye is not always as enjoyable (10) ______ it seems.

Celebrities are expected to behave well because millions of people look (11) ______ to them. As a result, they often feel pressure to set a good example. In addition, journalists may follow them everywhere, making it difficult (12) ______ maintain any privacy.

Some famous people admit (13) ______ they regret certain comments they made when they were younger. Others say they would not change anything because their mistakes helped them learn.

Whether fame is a positive experience depends (14) ______ the individual. Some enjoy the attention, whereas others prefer to stay (15) ______ of the spotlight whenever possible. What is certain, however, is that fame brings challenges (16) ______ well as opportunities.

Technology and Everyday Life

 

PART 1 – Multiple Choice Cloze (8 items)

For questions 1–8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.

Technology and Everyday Life

Technology has completely changed the way people communicate. Instead of writing letters, many people now use social media and instant messaging to keep in (1) ______ with friends and relatives.

Scientists continue to make important (2) ______ in areas such as medicine and renewable energy. New devices are also becoming more user-friendly and affordable.

Many businesses now (3) ______ online meetings instead of requiring staff to travel long distances. This saves both time and money. However, some experts believe that people are becoming too dependent (4) ______ technology.

Despite these concerns, there is little doubt that technological (5) ______ have improved many aspects of modern life. From mobile phones to satellites, innovations continue to play a vital (6) ______ in society.

Of course, technology also creates challenges. Users need to protect their personal (7) ______ and learn how to identify unreliable information. Nevertheless, most people would agree that the benefits (8) ______ the disadvantages.

1. A touch B contact C relation D communication
2. A discoveries B inventions C breakthroughs D findings
3. A carry out B make C perform D complete
4. A on B in C at D with
5. A develops B developments C developing D developed
6. A role B task C position D job
7. A information B data C knowledge D facts
8. A overcome B exceed C outweigh D defeat