domingo, 20 de septiembre de 2026

Managing Tourism in Andorra

Part 3: Word formation


For questions 17–24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0).


Managing Tourism in Andorra


Example:

0. mountainous


Andorra’s (0) __________ landscape has made the country an increasingly popular destination for visitors seeking outdoor activities and impressive natural scenery.

MOUNTAIN


Its hiking trails offer access to (17) __________ landscapes, while its ski resorts attract thousands of visitors to the country’s slopes every winter.

BREATHE


Andorra la Vella also serves as a major (18) __________ hub, drawing tourists interested in shopping as well as culture and recreation.

COMMERCE


Nevertheless, the highly (19) __________ nature of the tourism industry presents certain challenges. Visitor numbers rise sharply during the skiing season but may fall considerably at other times of the year.

SEASON


For this reason, the long-term (20) __________ of the sector cannot depend exclusively on winter sports. Thermal spas, wellness treatments and summer hiking programmes can help attract visitors throughout the year.

SUSTAIN


Improving the (21) __________ of rural attractions through reliable public transport could also encourage tourists to explore areas beyond the capital.

ACCESS


However, tourism development must be balanced with the (22) __________ of the country’s natural and cultural heritage, including its Romanesque-style churches.

PRESERVE


Tourism providers therefore have a particular (23) __________ to ensure that commercial growth does not damage local communities or mountain environments.

RESPONSIBLE


Greater economic (24) __________ would ultimately make Andorra less dependent on a single industry while allowing tourism to remain an important source of national income.

DIVERSE


How Andorra has preserved its Independence

Part 2: Open cloze


For questions 9–16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).


How Andorra has preserved its Independence


Example:

0. anything


Despite its modest size, Andorra has a history that is (0) _____ but straightforward. Situated in the Pyrenees between France and Spain, the country has preserved its independence for centuries, largely because its leaders learned to balance the interests of more powerful neighbours.

Rather (9) _____ being governed by a single ruler, Andorra developed a co-principality in which authority was traditionally shared (10) _____ the French head of state and the Bishop of Urgell. This unusual arrangement originated in a medieval agreement and helps explain (11) _____ neither neighbouring country gained complete control of the territory.

At times when conflict broke out elsewhere in Europe, Andorra generally avoided being drawn (12) _____ major military confrontations. This did not mean that the country remained entirely untouched (13) _____ external events. Political squabbling between regional powers occasionally threatened its stability, and historians have sometimes struggled to nail (14) _____ exactly how particular disputes were resolved.

Had Andorra’s rulers been less willing to negotiate, the country might (15) _____ undergone far greater political change. Instead, compromise allowed its institutions to survive. Only by carefully balancing competing interests was Andorra (16) _____ to maintain a distinctive political identity while adapting to the modern world.


From Resolution to Action

Part 1: Multiple-choice cloze


For questions 1–8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).


Example:

0

A. meeting
B. reaching
C. achieving
D. arriving

Answer: C


From Resolution to Action

For questions 1–8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).

The adoption of a United Nations resolution often attracts considerable attention. Nevertheless, passing a resolution does not necessarily mean that it will (0) _____ its objectives. Its ultimate impact depends on whether member states are willing to turn diplomatic commitments into practical measures.

At the outset, delegations must nail down precisely what has been agreed. Otherwise, broadly worded commitments may leave (1) _____ room for disagreement over how they should be interpreted. When armed conflict breaks out or intensifies, the Security Council may call upon the parties involved to fully comply with international humanitarian law. However, formal appeals alone rarely (2) _____ about lasting change.

Credible mechanisms are therefore required to document violations and promote accountability. Although independent observers are expected to remain impartial, their presence in conflict zones cannot be (3) _____ for granted. Governments may offer conditional support, provided that the observers’ activities are subject to restrictions. Such conditions can prevent investigators from obtaining unhindered access to displaced communities.

During negotiations, diplomats must identify common ground without (4) _____ sight of the firm limits established by their own delegations. Effective mediation also requires representatives to acknowledge legitimate concerns before (5) _____ competing claims more carefully.

Regional alliances can prove instrumental in (6) _____ political momentum and encouraging cooperation. Nevertheless, solidarity should not be (7) _____ with complete agreement: states may support the same overall goal while differing substantially over the means of achieving it. Ultimately, successful implementation depends on whether diplomatic promises are translated (8) _____ coordinated action.


Options:

1

A. considerable
B. spacious
C. widespread
D. extended

2

A. bring
B. set
C. take
D. put

3

A. allowed
B. accepted
C. held
D. taken

4

A. dropping
B. losing
C. missing
D. passing

5

A. watching
B. noticing
C. examining
D. looking

6

A. sustaining
B. retaining
C. preserving
D. continuing

7

A. matched
B. balanced
C. likened
D. equated

8

A. for
B. into
C. towards
D. through


jueves, 17 de septiembre de 2026

The University Supper Club

Part 6: Gapped Text


Six sentences have been removed from the text. Choose from sentences A–G the one which fits each gap (37–42). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.


The University Supper Club


During my first term at university, my daily life was fairly disorganised. I attended lectures in the morning and usually worked in the library until late afternoon. (37) ______ By the time I returned to my flat, I was often too tired and hungry to think about preparing a proper meal.


The situation changed when my flatmate Lewis suggested creating a weekly supper club. (38) ______ None of us had much experience in the kitchen, and preparing a complete meal for three other people seemed like a considerable responsibility. Nevertheless, we decided that every Thursday, one person would cook for the other three flatmates. As a result, each of us would prepare only one meal a month but enjoy a freshly cooked dinner every week.


Our first few meals were not entirely successful. Lewis prepared a vegetable curry, but he had used so much chilli that none of us could finish it. My own first dish was equally disappointing. I had planned to make a delicious mushroom sauce, but the mushrooms had gone off because I had left them in the fridge for too long. (39) ______ Instead of giving up, we laughed about our unsuccessful dishes and decided to continue with the club.


As the weeks passed, we became more practical. We started planning our meals in advance and buying ingredients together. We often visited the market shortly before it closed because we could pick up a bargain. (40) ______ The sellers also helped us choose fruit that was ripe and vegetables that were in season.


The club had benefits beyond improving our diets. Thursday evenings gave us an opportunity to sit down together and discuss our daily lives. Before starting the club, we had often eaten separately and spent most evenings in our own rooms. Cooking and eating together helped us get to know one another properly. (41) ______ We began to notice when someone was having a difficult week and tried to help whenever possible.


One week, for example, I had been working on a challenging assignment and was feeling exhausted. I considered missing the evening meal, but when I entered the kitchen, the others were preparing my favourite dish. Their thoughtful gesture immediately made me feel better.


By the end of the year, each of us had developed a different cooking style. Lewis became skilled at spicy food, while Ava specialised in filling vegetarian dishes. Sam was the most adventurous and regularly tried recipes from other countries. (42) ______ Even I had learnt to prepare several simple but tasty meals using fresh ingredients.


We no longer live together, but the supper club has continued online. Whenever one of us discovers an interesting recipe, we share it with the group. We have even agreed to prepare a meal together when we meet again next summer.


Missing Sentences:

A. This made our shopping both cheaper and more interesting.

B. More importantly, it also created a supportive atmosphere in the flat.

C. In the end, we realised that these mistakes were a natural part of learning.

D. I was usually living on snacks, takeaway meals and food that only needed to be heated up.

E. We therefore agreed that everyone should cook the same kind of food.

F. Although the idea sounded sensible, we were all slightly anxious about cooking for other people.

G. Despite these differences, we had all become much more confident in the kitchen.


More than a Part-time Job

Part 5: Multiple choice

Read the text and choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.

More than a Part-time Job

When I began my second year at university, I needed to find a part-time job. My parents could help with the rent, but I wanted to pay for food and entertainment myself. I had previously worked in a shop, so I assumed that finding another retail position would be the most practical choice. Then I saw an advertisement for weekend staff at The Green Table, a popular vegetarian restaurant near the university.

At first sight, the job did not seem suitable for me. Although I enjoyed eating out, I knew very little about catering. My cooking experience consisted mainly of heating up soup or chopping vegetables for simple pasta dishes. Nevertheless, the working hours were convenient, so I applied. I expected the interview to be frightening, but the manager, Nina, immediately put me at ease. Instead of asking formal questions, she invited me to have lunch and describe the service from a customer’s point of view.

Nina later explained that she had been looking for someone who was observant and thoughtful rather than someone with restaurant experience. She believed that practical skills could be taught, but that genuine interest in customers was harder to develop. I was offered the position and began working the following Saturday.

The first few shifts were exhausting. The restaurant used fresh, seasonal ingredients, and the menu changed regularly according to what was available. Before each service, we had to learn about every dish so that we could explain it to customers. I needed to know which meals were suitable for people with allergies, which dishes were vegetarian and how the kitchen prepared each ingredient. I found this challenging, particularly when the restaurant was full and several impatient customers wanted my attention at the same time.

My greatest difficulty, however, was learning to organise my movements. At first, I would walk to the kitchen each time a customer requested something. Nina showed me how to combine tasks: I could collect two finished dishes, take an order from another table and bring back some empty glasses on a single trip. This simple technique saved time and made the work less stressful. Within a few weeks, I was moving around the restaurant much more confidently.

Working there also changed my eating habits. Before starting the job, I had frequently lived on junk food and sometimes skipped meals when I was busy. At the restaurant, the chefs taught me that preparing nutritious food did not have to be expensive or time-consuming. They showed me how to recognise ripe fruit, choose vegetables that were in season and use ingredients before they went off. When the kitchen had unused vegetables at the end of the evening, the staff were allowed to take them home. Consequently, I began cooking balanced meals for my flatmates.

Not everything about the job was enjoyable. Some customers treated the staff as though we were invisible, and others complained about matters we could not control. One evening, a customer said his vegetables were too tough and blamed me personally. I was initially upset, but Nina calmly explained that criticism was usually directed at the situation, not at the individual employee. Her advice helped me become more reasonable and less sensitive when dealing with complaints.

By the end of the academic year, I had gained far more than extra money. I had become more decisive, organised and confident when speaking to strangers. I had also discovered an interest in the relationship between food and health. I do not intend to become a professional chef, but I am now considering a career in restaurant management. A job that seemed unsuitable at first sight may, in fact, have helped me decide what I want to do in the future.

Questions:


31. Why did the writer apply for the position at The Green Table?

A She wanted to develop skills that would help her future career.
B She was particularly interested in vegetarian catering.
C She could no longer depend on her parents for financial help.
D The working hours suited her need for a part-time job.

32. What does the writer say about the interview?

A She had to demonstrate her cooking abilities.
B It was less intimidating than she had expected.
C The manager mainly asked about her retail experience.
D It took place while the restaurant was serving customers.

33. What quality did Nina consider particularly valuable in a new employee?

A Showing genuine concern for customers
B Remaining calm in a busy kitchen
C Having detailed knowledge of food
D Learning practical tasks very quickly

34. How did the writer become more efficient at work?

A She reduced the amount of time she spent with each customer.
B She learned the menu before arriving at the restaurant.
C She completed several tasks during the same trip.
D She asked more experienced colleagues to serve busy tables.

35. What was one result of the writer’s contact with the chefs?

A She became interested in following a completely vegetarian diet.
B She began buying more expensive seasonal ingredients.
C She stopped sharing meals with the other students in her flat.
D She realised that healthy cooking could be affordable and convenient.


36. What is the main idea expressed in the final paragraph?

A Restaurant work has persuaded the writer to become a chef.
B An unexpected experience has influenced the writer’s career plans.
C The writer now considers earning money less important than studying.
D Part-time jobs are useful only when they relate to a student’s degree.

 

A Hard Working Day

Part 3: Word formation

For questions 17–24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals to form a word that fits the gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).


(0) CHALLENGING


A Hard Working Day

Working in a professional kitchen can be a highly (0) ___________(CHALLENGE) experience.

Last summer, I worked for a busy catering company. On my first day, I felt extremely (17)__________(ANXIETY) because I had never worked in a professional kitchen before.

The head chef was energetic and highly (18)__________(COMPETE), and he expected everyone to work quickly.

At first, I thought he was rather impatient and (19)__________(BOSS), but I later realised that he was simply under pressure.

The work was physically demanding, but the variety of dishes made it surprisingly (20)__________(INTEREST).

One colleague was particularly (21)________(THOUGHT) and always offered to help me when I made a mistake.

Another employee behaved rather in a (22)__________(CHILD) way and sometimes ate ingredients that had been prepared for customers.

Despite the long hours, I remained (23)__________(OPTIMISM) about the experience because I was learning valuable skills.

By the end of the summer, I had become a confident and (24)_________(DECIDE) employee who could make choices quickly.

 

My experience of Cooking at University

Part 2: Open cloze

For questions 1–8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0).

Example: (0) AWAY

My experience of Cooking at University

When I moved (0) _____ from home to attend university, I had always taken home cooking for granted. I had never thought about how much time my parents spent preparing a balanced diet for the family. During my first few weeks, I lived (9) _____ junk food and frequently skipped meals.

At first, ready-made food seemed convenient. All I had to do was heat it (10) _____. However, I soon became bored with it, and I did not have as much energy (11) _____ I had had before. My flatmate Ana suggested cooking together so that we could keep each other (12) _____.

Neither of us had much experience, but we started with simple dishes. We bought vegetables that were (13) _____ season and learned to check whether fruit was ripe. We also prepared double portions so that we would have something filling in the freezer.

Now I enjoy cooking much more (14) _____ I expected. I try not to let fresh food go (15) _____, and whenever I see a good offer at the market, I pick (16) _____ a bargain.


A1 Writing Exam — Describing Yourself

  A1 Writing Exam — Describing Yourself Time: 20 minutes Length: 35–60 words Write a short description of yourself for a new classmate. In...